How do sexually transmitted infections spread?
Sexually transmitted infections can be passed on in different ways. The most common route is through unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected partner. Beyond sexual contact, infections can be transmitted by sharing contaminated needles or instruments used for tattooing or piercing, from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, and by receiving infected blood or blood products through transfusions or organ transplants. Certain infections can also be transmitted through skin to skin contact of the affected area, without any actual penetrative intercourse.
What are the possible signs of an STI?
Sexually transmitted infections may cause symptoms such as genital discharge, pain when urinating, rashes or itching, blisters, ulcers, lumps, or warts. Other signs can include persistent fatigue, fever, night sweats, unexplained weight loss, ongoing diarrhoea, or swollen lymph nodes. However, not everyone with an STI develops symptoms. It is possible to carry and transmit an infection without knowing it. This is why regular testing is the most reliable way to confirm your status and protect both your health and your partner’s.
What should I avoid before the STI test?
If you are sexually active and planning to get tested for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), there are a few steps to follow before your appointment. You should avoid urinating for at least 2 hours before urine tests, as this can affect the detection of infections such as Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Mycoplasma hominis, or Ureaplasma urealyticum. You may also be asked to avoid sexual activity for at least 24 hours before the test. Always inform your clinic of any medications you are taking, as some treatments may influence the outcome of certain tests.
How long should I wait for results?
The waiting time for results may vary depending on the types of tests included in your screening package. Some tests, such as blood tests for HIV, Hepatitis B antigen, or Hepatitis C antibody, can be processed within a few working days. Other tests, such as HPV tests, pap smears, or urine tests to detect STIs, may take slightly longer. Our clinic will inform you about the expected timeline for your screening results and any follow-up consultation that may be needed for your sexual health and overall well-being.
What happens after testing?
Some infections, such as Gonorrhoea or Syphilis, can be treated with medication. HIV currently has no cure, but with proper management, it is possible to maintain health and reduce the risk of transmission. Other conditions, such as Hepatitis B, may require ongoing monitoring, and tests such as the Hepatitis B antigen or Hepatitis B antibody help determine the status.
